Retirement Planning Guide: How to Retire Comfortably

A comprehensive guide to retirement planning including 401(k), IRA, Social Security, and how much you actually need to retire.

How Much Do You Need to Retire?

The most common framework is the 4% rule: save 25 times your desired annual retirement income. If you want $60,000/year in retirement, you need $1.5 million saved. This assumes a 4% annual withdrawal rate that historically sustains a portfolio for 30+ years.

However, your actual number depends on your lifestyle, location, health care needs, Social Security benefits, and other income sources. Use our retirement calculator for a personalized estimate.

Retirement Accounts Explained

401(k) / 403(b)

Employer-sponsored retirement plan. 2026 contribution limit: $23,500 ($31,000 if 50+). Many employers match contributions — this is free money. Traditional 401(k) reduces taxable income now; Roth 401(k) provides tax-free withdrawals in retirement.

Traditional IRA

Individual retirement account with $7,000 annual limit ($8,000 if 50+). Contributions may be tax-deductible depending on income and employer plan participation. Withdrawals taxed as ordinary income in retirement.

Roth IRA

Contribute after-tax dollars, but all growth and withdrawals are tax-free in retirement. Same $7,000 limit. Income limits apply ($161,000 single, $240,000 married for full contribution). Ideal for younger investors expecting higher future tax rates.

HSA (Health Savings Account)

Triple tax advantage: tax-deductible contributions, tax-free growth, tax-free withdrawals for medical expenses. After 65, can withdraw for any purpose (taxed like traditional IRA). 2026 limit: $4,300 individual, $8,550 family.

Retirement Savings Priority Order

  1. 401(k) up to employer match — Always capture the full match first. It's an instant 50-100% return.
  2. Pay off high-interest debt — Eliminate credit cards and high-rate loans.
  3. Max out Roth IRA — Tax-free growth is incredibly valuable over decades.
  4. Max out 401(k) — Fill up the remaining 401(k) space for tax-deferred growth.
  5. HSA (if eligible) — Triple tax advantage makes this the most tax-efficient account.
  6. Taxable brokerage — After maxing tax-advantaged accounts, invest in a regular brokerage.

Social Security Benefits

Social Security provides a foundation of retirement income based on your highest 35 years of earnings. Key facts for 2026:

  • Full retirement age: 67 for those born 1960 or later
  • Early claiming (age 62): Permanently reduces benefits by ~30%
  • Delayed claiming (age 70): Increases benefits by ~24% above full retirement amount
  • Average benefit (2026): ~$1,900/month
  • Maximum benefit (age 67): ~$3,900/month

Plan Your Retirement

Use our retirement calculator to see if you're on track and how much you need to save each month.

Try Retirement Calculator →